RESUMO: Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de herbicidas pós-emergentes, recomendados para a cultura do feijoeiro comum, nas variáveis de fluorescência da clorofila a, no conteúdo de proteína solúvel foliar (LSPC) e na produtividade de grãos. O experimento foi conduzido em campo e teve cinco tratamentos, que constaram da aplicação dos seguintes herbicidas: bentazon (720 g ha-1), fluazifop-p-butil (187,5 g ha-1), fomesafen (250 g ha-1), fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen (187,5 + 250 g ha 1), além de um tratamento controle capinado, sem aplicação de herbicida, com delineamento de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. O bentazon foi o único herbicida que causou reduções significativas, mas somente até o primeiro dia após aplicação (DAA), nas seguintes variáveis de fluorescência da clorofila a: rendimento quântico máximo do fotossistema II (Fv/Fm), rendimento quântico efetivo do fotossistema II (ϕFSII), bem como no coeficiente de extinção fotoquímica (qP), e promoveu incremento na variável de coeficiente de extinção não fotoquímica (NPQ). Entre elas, o Fv/Fm foi a variável mais indicadora dos efeitos decorrentes da aplicação de herbicidas no aparato fotossintético de plantas no campo. As variáveis de fluorescência da clorofila a obtidas em folhas adaptadas à luz sofreram grande influência do ambiente, principalmente da variação da densidade de fluxo de fótons fotossintéticos (DFFF) durante as medidas, não sendo recomendadas como indicadoras do efeito dos herbicidas no campo. Nenhum dos herbicidas avaliados causou redução na produtividade, sendo recomendáveis para a cultura do feijoeiro comum.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the application of contact herbicides recommended for common bean crops, as for chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, leaf soluble proteins content (LSPC) and productivity. The experiment was conducted on the field with five treatments, which were the application of the following herbicides: bentazon (720 g ha-1), fluazifop-p-butil (187.5 g ha-1), fomesafen (250 g ha-1) fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen (187.5 + 250 g ha-1), and a manually weeded control treatment without herbicide application, in a randomized block design with four replications. Bentazon was the only herbicide causing significant reductions, but only until the first day after herbicide application (DAA), on the following chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters: maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), effective quantum yield of photosystem II (ϕPSII), photochemical quenching (qP); it also induced an increase in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). Fv/Fm was the best parameter to indicate herbicide effect on the photosynthetic apparatus of plants in the field. Chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters obtained in light-adapted leaves underwent a high environmental influence, especially deriving from the variation in the photosynthetic photon flow density (PPFD) during measurements; they are not recommended to evaluate the effects of herbicides on the field. None of the applied herbicides evaluated caused reductions in grain yield; therefore, they are recommended for common bean crops.

The investigation untitled: Conservation state of the vegetable species used for the craft in San Andres's valley, Pinar del Rio, Cuba was carried out during two years, in different stages, beginning with the physical and geographical characterization of the studying area and the not forestry products present on it, this work is based on field investigations, etnobiological requests, bibliography searching, biophenological observations on the not forestry products present in the studying area, its current state and different uses. The main results obtained were to know the vegetable products used by artisans, the manufactured products, the current state and the population perspectives of these products. When concluding the work it is recommended to deepen with the repopulation of these plants to guarantee in a future the prevail matter used by the artisans in the area of San Andre's' valley, arriving by this way to the objective of the investigation that was to systematize the knowledge of the existence and the use of these products and to know the environmental, social and economic impact that causes the exploitation of these natural resources in San Andres's valley.

La investigación titulada: Estado de conservación de las especies vegetales utilizadas para la artesanía en el valle de San Andrés, Pinar del Río, Cuba tuvo una duración de dos años en diferentes etapas, comenzando por la caracterización físico geográfica del área de estudio y de los productos forestales no madereros presentes. Este trabajo está basado en investigaciones de campo, encuestas etnobiológicas, revisión de la bibliografía, observaciones biofenológicas sobre los productos forestales no madereros presentes en el área de estudio, su estado actual y diferentes usos. Los principales resultados obtenidos fueron conocer los productos vegetales utilizados por artesanos, los productos fabri-cados y el estado actual y perspectivas de la población de estos productos. Al concluir el trabajo se recomienda incrementar la repobla-ción de estas plantas para garantizar en un futuro la materia prima usada por los artesanos en la zona del valle de San Andrés, cumpliendo así el objetivo de la investigación que fue sistematizar los conocimientos sobre la existencia y el uso de estos productos y conocer el impacto ambiental, social y económico que causa la explotación de estos recursos naturales en el valle de San Andrés.

The results of a numerical study of premixed Hydrogen-air flows ignition by an oblique shock wave (OSW) stabilized by a wedge are presented, in situations when initial and boundary conditions are such that transition between the initial OSW and an oblique detonation wave (ODW) is observed. More precisely, the objectives of the paper are: (i) to identify the different possible structures of the transition region that exist between the initial OSW and the resulting ODW and (ii) to evidence the effect on the ODW of an abrupt decrease of the wedge angle in such a way that the final part of the wedge surface becomes parallel to the initial flow. For such a geometrical configuration and for the initial and boundary conditions considered, the overdriven detonation supported by the initial wedge angle is found to relax towards a Chapman-Jouguet detonation in the region where the wedge surface is parallel to the initial flow. Computations are performed using an adaptive, unstructured grid, finite volume computer code previously developed for the sake of the computations of high speed, compressible flows of reactive gas mixtures. Physico-chemical properties are functions of the local mixture composition, temperature and pressure, and they are computed using the CHEMKIN-II subroutines.